This seems superbly plausible, but after a week of learning a bit about illustrator and ESTK CS4, it's also looking like a very big job. I'm presently lost in the Adobe JS scripting guide and reference
What I want to do is create a set of rules to generate circles of a given diameter provided by spreadsheet (or csv, whatever proper format I'd need to generate for the external data), and organize these circles with connecting lines of a parent-child nature. The areas of child circles will represent the distribution of parent circle areas.
I have already completed the computations to generate the various diameters, based on an area-relative equation for the data.
I have not given much thought to the graphical look, anticipating I'd make adjustments to the script once it could import and model the data first. This first bit is the more significant challenge.
For a visual, this is not a huge departure from the US budget visualization by J. Bachman. He assembled that vis using over 800 layers in photoshop. There must be a more streamlined way to do this style vis in illustrator.
Thanks ahead of time for the general way forward.